THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BIPOLAR I DISORDER & BIPOLAR II DISORDER

According to (Butcher., Mineka., & Hooley. 2010), bipolar disorders can be defined as “mood disorders in which a person experiences both manic and depressive episodes” (p. G-3). However, when comparing Bipolar I Disorder and Bipolar II Disorder, there are subtle differences and treatment needs. These are also as follows:

Bipolar I Disorder

- The client experiences at least one full blown manic or mixed episode and depressive episodes with no hypomanic episodes.

- A client with mania exhibits an abnormal mood that may also be combined with an abnormal level of energy or increased activity.  

- Mania can include psychotic symptoms such as paranoia, delusions or hallucinations.

- Mania does interfere with daily functioning at a severe level.

- The client may have to be hospitalized due to the severity of symptoms.

One example of a Bipolar I diagnose (using modifiers) could be a 35 year old man named Robert who is experiencing manic episodes that cause him to exhibit out-of-control abnormal happiness. During these episodes he will burst out laughing at serious events like funerals or hospital visits with friends. He runs up and down the street late at night screaming that he loves his neighbors and also tries to kiss every person that he sees in a grocery store whether he knows them or not. This disorder may also be causing a severe impact on loved ones and some people within his community. This is because his abnormal behavior may cause embarrassment for family members and/or fear among those who don’t know and understand him. One other major thing that could occur during these episodes is the risk of harm to himself or others. Since, this may be the case I also believe that this may be the most difficult form to live with.

Bipolar II Disorder

- The client experiences at least one hypomanic episode and depressive episode with no full blown manic or mixed episodes.

- A client with hypomania exhibits a sustained mood which may become heightened, superior or irritable.

- Hypomania does not include psychotic symptoms but delusions or hallucinations may still be exhibited during depressive episodes.

- Hypomania does not interfere with daily functioning at such a severe level.

- The client does not have to be hospitalized due the severity of symptoms.

One example of a Bipolar II diagnose (using modifiers) could be a 40 year old man named William who is experiencing hypomanic episodes that make him extremely cheerful. When these occur, he only needs half of the sleep that he normally gets, he speaks more rapidly than normal and he spends more money than normal. This disorder may also cause a severe impact on loved ones and other people within his community. This is because his behavior could cause loss of sleep for other family members, lack of proper communication and possible financial hardship due to increased spending.

Even though these disorders are different, treatment options may be similar and depend on the severity of each case. General treatment can also include a combination of psychotherapy, medication, hospitalization and lifestyle changes. However, one major difference is that bipolar I clients may be prescribed mood stabilizers, while bipolar II clients may be prescribed antidepressants.

Reference:

Butcher, J. N., Mineka, S., & Hooley, J. M. (2010). Abnormal Psychology (14^th Ed.). Boston, MA. Allyn & Bacon, Pearson Higher Education.